49fluidcomp.p65
CHAPTER 49 Fluid complications Frederic W. Grannis, Jr., MD, Lily Lai, MD, James T. Kakuda, MD, and Carey A. Cullinane, MD MALIGNANT PLEURAL EFFUSION Pleural effusion is usually caused by a disturbance of the normal Starling forcesregulating reabsorption of fluid in the pleural space, secondary to obstructionof mediastinal lymph nodes draining the parietal pleura. Tumors that metasta-size