Towards Designing Enterprises for Evolvability
based on Fundamental Engineering Concepts
(Promotors: Herwig Mannaert and Jan Verelst)
Department of Management Information Systems
Organizations doing business in the 21st century are operating in a hyper-
competitive environment in which they are forced to constantly monitor their
environment while looking for new business opportunities and striving for cus-
tomer satisfaction by delivering products and services of unprecedented quality.
This phenomenon has resulted in enterprises confronted with new challenges
such as ever increasing complexity and increasing change in many or all of their
aspects, including their products and services, business processes, business rules
and organizational structure. Consequently, current organizations need to be
more agile (i.e., evolvable) in keeping up with their swiftly changing business
However, the currently available methodologies for the development of man-
agement information systems which are supporting these volatile organizations
are clearly unable to deal with these levels of “changing complexity”. Therefore,
it is claimed that mastering both the present change and complexity necessi-
tates a more prescriptive and systematic approach regarding the development
and governance of an organization and its supporting information systems, based
on fundamental engineering principles (frequently coined as “Enterprise Engi-
neering”). Normalized Systems (NS) theory therefore proposes a theoretically
grounded framework (based on concepts such as entropy and the systems the-
oretic notion of stability) that explains why the current modular structures in
information systems are intrinsically limited in terms of evolvability and — more
importantly — outlines how modular structures can be built without these lim-
itations, thus resulting in information systems exhibiting evolvable modularity
and proven ex-ante blackbox evolvability. Up to this point, the applicability
and feasibility of building such evolvable systems at the software level has been
proven both in theory and in practice.
The main purpose of this PhD research project is to investigate to which
extent the above mentioned theoretical framework of evolvable modularity can
be applied onto the business level, such as business processes and enterprise
architectures. In doing so, this will allow us to translate information systems
requirements (in terms of business processes and enterprise architectures) in
a more deterministic way to Normalized Systems. Moreover, it will be aimed
for to actually develop normalized business processes and enterprise architec-
tures (“artefacts”, “design patterns” or “domain models”) exhibiting a high and
proven amount of evolvability, that way trying to meet the frequently uttered
call for higher flexibility within organizations.
Employing a Design Science Research Methodology, multiple case studies
will be performed at external organizations during the initial phase of the re-
search. Here, it will be investigated how business processes modeled in BPMN
(Business Process Modeling Notation) and enterprise architectures based on
DEMO (Design and Engineering Methodology for Organizations) can be trans-
lated to Normalized Systems and where the most damaging limitations towards
evolvability (so-called “combinatorial effects”) are situated. Based on this, a
number of principles will be derived in order to prevent (most of the) combi-
natorial effects at the business level. Efforts will be made to incorporate these
guidelines into other existing methodologies (e.g., BPMN and DEMO). Finally,
some normalized artefacts (i.e., business processes and enterprise architectures)
will be developed for one or more business domains, enabling the validation and
valorization of the obtained research results.
Acknowledgments This research project has been funded by the Agency
for Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT) of the Flemish
Government within the program of Strategical Research Scholarships.
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