Boe-7007b_dm45623_acuteexcrbt

DM45623.qxd:BOE-7007B_DM45623_AcuteExcrbt 11/16/09 10:10 AM Page 3 CONSIDERATIONS FOR CHOICE
IMPACT OF COPD EXACERBATION
OF ANTIBIOTIC(S)
• Hospital mortality of patients admitted for 10%, and the long-term outcome is poor.
Antibiotics for
Acute Exacerbation
longer average hospital stays in patients Management
• Patients with a severe exacerbation of • In a healthcare utilization study (2000 -2001), COPD that requires mechanical ventilation COPD patients were hospitalized more often from respiratory illnesses than those without such as enteric gram-negative bacilli and COPD (11.8% vs 0.5%). They were also more P. aeruginosa, may be more frequent1 An approach for determining if antibiotics • If Pseudomonas spp and/or other should be initiated for patients with an • Antibiotics should be considered for patients acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive References: 1. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD).
Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Updated 2006). www.goldcopd.org. Accessed March 7, 2007.
2. Yu-Isenberg KS, Vanderplas K, Chang EY, Shah H. Utilization and medical care
expenditures in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a managedcare claims data analysis. Dis Manage Health Outcomes. 2005;13:405- 412.
3. Tinkelman DG, George D, Halbert RJ. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
in patients under age 65: utilization and costs from a managed care sample.
J Occup Environ Med. 2005;47:1125-1130. 4. Cel i BR, MacNee W, and ATS/ERS
Task Force committee members. Standards for the diagnosis and
— Providing educational strategies that treatment of patients with COPD: a summary of the ATS/ERS position paper.
Eur Respir J. 2004;23:932-946.
improve patient adherence to medicationand management regimens includingtaking medication appropriately, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. has no ownership interest in any other organization that advertises or markets its disease pulmonary rehabilitation, undertaking and A healthcare practitioner educational resource provided by Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. devices such as nebulizers, spacers, andoxygen concentrators properly1 C Printed on recycled paper in the U.S.A.
Copyright 2007, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
DM45623.qxd:BOE-7007B_DM45623_AcuteExcrbt 11/16/09 10:10 AM Page 2 Rationale and Patient Assessment for Antibiotic Figure 2. Antibiotic treatment in exacerbations ACUTE COPD EXACERBATION
• Randomized placebo-control ed studies of antibiotic treatment in (No particular order) (No particular order) (No particular order) • COPD is often associated with worsening exacerbations of COPD have demonstrated a beneficial effect of • Antibiotics are recommended only when patients with worsening • According to the 2006 Global Initiative for dyspnea and cough also have increased sputum volume and purulence Guidelines, patients with Stage I: Mild • Prophylactic and continuous use of antibiotics have no effect on the frequency of COPD exacerbations. Thus, the use of antibiotics, other COPD to Stage II: Moderate COPD often than for treating infectious exacerbations of COPD and other bacterial associated with worsening airflow limitation with shortness of breath due to exertion, Figure 1. Stratification of patients with COPD sometimes also present. Patients typically exacerbated for antibiotic treatment and potential seek medical attention because of chronic microorganisms involved in each group.1 • In Stage III: Severe COPD, an exacerbation is characterized by further worsening of airflow limitation, greater shortness of breath, reduced • An exacerbation in Stage IV: Very Severe COPD is commonly associated with severe airflow limitation and chronic respiratory failure. At this stage, these a. Al patients with symptoms of a COPD exacerbation should be treated with additional bronchodilators ± glucocorticosteroids.
b. Classes of antibiotics are provided (with specific agents in parentheses). In countries with high incidence of S. pneumoniae resistant to penicil in, high dosages of Amoxicil in or Co-amoxiclav are recommended. (See Figure 1 for definition of Groups c. Cardinal symptoms are increased dyspnea, sputum volume, and sputum purulence.
d. This antibiotic is not appropriate in areas where there is increased prevalence of ß-lactamase producing H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis and/or of S. pneumoniae resistant to penicil in.
e. Not available in al areas of the world.
a. Risk factors for poor outcome in patients with COPD exacerbation: presence of comorbid diseases, severe COPD, frequent f. Dose 750 mg effective against P. aeruginosa.
exacerbations (>3/yr), and antimicrobial use within last 3 months.

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